Polishing and grinding machine



April 14, 1931. I 'E. M; MORRIS POLISHING AND GRINDiNG MACHINE Filed Feb. 9. 1929 llh ll} 2| 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 l4 IS 4 I7 if I 7 MIL. l9 [In-41 l8 up 11 79 PIC-Ll.

EDWARD MMORRIS INVENTOR BY $514; wade ATTORNEY April 14, 3 E. M. MORRIS 1,800,743

POLISHING AND GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9; 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Wm II\ i ll FIGZ.

EDWARD M.MORRIS INVENTOR ATTORNEY April 14, 1931. E. M. MORRIS I POLISHING AND GRINDING MACHINE Filed Feb. 9, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 EDWARD M. MORRIS INVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 14, 1931 warren stares PATEh-il" orricr.

EDVIABD- hi. DEGREES, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB; TO BAUSCI-I & LOMB OPTICAL COIEPANY, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK POLTSHING AND GRINDING MACHINE Application filed February 9, 1929. Serial No. 338,762;

This invention relates to abrading machinery and more particularly it has reference to apparatus for grinding and polishing glass, such as lenses, for example.

In polishing lenses, an abrasive, such as rouge, is usually mixed with water and applied to: the work at proper intervals by the operator. The application of this "mixture other hand it is also important that a certain 7 7 L amount of friction should exist between the polishing shell and the work in order that the polishing operation will be efficiently accomplished. In polishing lenses, for example, on a large scale, it is customary for one operator to attend to a large number of polishing units and make periodical app-H cations of rouge and water. Such a procedure makes t impossible, from a practical standpoint, to supply each polishing unit with an application of rouge and water at the proper time in order to insure the most etlicient operation.

Likewise, in the grinding of lenses, an abrasive such as emery and water is applied periodically to the work and it is also important that the abrasive. be. applied at the proper time in order to insure the desired results and efhciency in operation. Under the prevailing practice the grinding abrasive, such as emery and water, is also applied, to the. abrading. tool by the operator who must at-- tend to a large number of grinding units,

thereby making it practically impossible to apply the abrasive so as to insure the great est grinding etfifciency for each individual unit. i

By means of my invention, however, I am able to overcome the diiiiculties due to improper applications of abrasive and provide means for controlling and applying the abrasive so as to insure the greatest efficiency of operation, as will hereinafter be more fully described.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide means for automatically controlling the application of an abrasive to. the work which is being abraded. Another object is to. provide frictionally' controlled means for applying an abrasive to an abrading tool. Still another object of the present invention is to provide fluid pressure means for periodically applying an abrasive substance to. the tool, and a further object is to provide abrasive applying means which will utilize fluid pressure and be. controlled by the friction between the abrading tool and the work.

These. and other objects reside in certain novel features of construction, arrangement and combination of parts as will hereinafter be more fully described and pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 shows a side elevation of'a polishing unit embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 shows a front elevation of the unit with the abrasive circulating system shown schematically.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical view of the air valve.

Fig. 4; shows an enlarged view of a detail.

Fig. 5 shows a top plan view of thepulley assembly.

Fig. 6 shows a sectional view of the pulley assembly taken on line 6-6.

Fig. 7 shows a detail.

F'g. 8 is a sectional view of the pulley as sembly taken on the line 88 and showing parts in. elevation.

One embodiment of my invention is illustrated in the drawings as adapted to a lens polishing unit which comprises a bracket 10. which is mounted on the horizontalframe. member ll. The bracket 10. carries two aligned bearings 12 and 13 in which the spindle. 14b. is freely mosiinted'. for rotation and.

axial movement. Rigidly secured to the lower end of the spindle 14 is the crank arm '15terminating in a spherical shaped portion 16 which cooperates with a bearing recess in the top of polishing shell 17 to afford a umversal movement for the shell'l7.

- 'ably secured to the shelf 18 is the work holder 7 or block 19 which carries the work or objects such as lenses L which are secured thereto by'pitch or othersuitable means. The concave side otthe polishing shell 17 carries a suitable p-olishin'g'pad, such as .felt impregnated with a wax mixture, for example, which polishes the lenses L when the spindle'14 is rotated, all as will be apparent to one skilled in the art..

Mounted on thespindle 14, between the bearings 12 and 13, is the pulley assembly which is indicated generally by 20'. The pulley assembly 20 comprises the pulley shell '21 which has, integral therewith, a floor plate 22 which carries an internal hub 23, the whole preferably being formed of a single casting.

' Disposed withinthe hub 23 is a bushing 24 which is fixedly secured to spindle 14 by means of a key 25 and set screw 25, A shoulder onthehub23bears on a shoulder '26 on the bushing 24'so that the pulley'21 is supportedby and freely rotatable about. the bushing24, lubrication being afforded by the oil groove 27. H

' Mounted ontopof pulley shell 21 is the cover plate-28 which has a centrally. disposed collar 29 integral therewith. Set screws 30,- mountedin the collar v29,'serve to fixedly se-" cure the cover plate 28 to. the bushing. 24.?

The cover'plate 28 is provided with a slot 31 in which a downwardly projecting vpin 32,,is

adjustably'mountedand adapted to be held in adjusted position by means ofthe nut 88. i. Mounted in the floor plate 22 are the rotat-" able members and .34 which may be turned by applying a screw .driver to the slotted head 35 on the under side of the floorplate 22 and, secured in adjustedposition by means of the setscrew 36, as clearly shown in Fig'. 7. The'upstanding pins 37 and 37 are mounted, respectively, on the rotatable members 34 and 34 with the axesof the pins eccentric to the axes ofthe rotatable mem-= bers. One end of each of thetwo coil springs 38 and'38 is secured to the pin 32 which projects. downwardly from cover platev 28 and the'other ends of springs 38 and38 are secured, respectively, tojthe upstanding pins 37 and 37 which are mounted on the floor I plate 22.

Integral withthe floor plate 22 is the boss 39 onv which the lever 40 is pivotally mounted by means of screw 41. -Fixedly secured to the lever 40 is the post 42 which has the trip lever 43 rigidly secured to its upper. end.

The loweriendof post 42, terminates in a downwardly projecting pinr44 to whichis tasitenedone end of the coilspring45, the

Remov- 7 other end of the spring being fastened to the pin 46 which is'mounted on the floor plate 22. The cover plate 28 is provided with an opening 47 so that the post 42.1nay'extend therethrough and be permitted to move laterally, as will hereinafter be described. .A cam member 48 is secured, by'means ofscrews 49, to theunder side of cover plate 28 ad acent the opening 47. The cam member 48, which is preferably of steel, has a notch 50 formed therein and spring 45 normally keeps the portion 51 of the post 42in the notch of the cam member. From the foregoing it will be apparent that the pulley shell 21 and the cover plate 28 may be angularly moved a certain amount relative to each other. When such a relative movement occurs, the post'42,

carrying trip lever 43 is cammed outwardly toward the periphery of the pulley byzmeans of the cam member 48, as will hereinafter be more fully explaine c Mounted 'on bracket 10 is the air valve within bushing 52 but will be prevented from V rotating therein. One end of theplunger 56 is threaded as at 58 to receive the plate 59. Fixed to the plunger 56, by means of pin60, is the block 61 which carries the spring mounted detent 62 which :cooperates with the spaced notches 63 on the plate 59 to hold it in adjusted position; It will thusflbe ap parent that the efiective length of plunger 56 'may be increased or decreasedby' turning the plate 59 on the threaded end of the plunger, the spring detent serving to holdthe plate;

in adjusted position; v 1

Secured .to the casting 10 by means of bracket 64 is the block 65 which is bored out to provide achamber 66 with a communicat ing inlet-opening 67'and outlet opening 68.

Mounted within the chamber 66, on aground a seat, is the valve, member 69. which is normally held seated by the spring .70. The valve member 69 has a stem 71 which *is slidably mounted in. the opening 7 2 in block 65 and projects outwardly therefrom with its end in contact with the plunger56. A coil spring 73 serves'to keep the collar 55, at j itached to plunger 56, normally in contact with the bushing 52 so that the valve stem'71 just contacts with the plunger56 when the valve member 69 is seated,

I Compressed air is conducted from an air supply pipe 74 through a suitable valve 7 5 and thence through the tubing 76 tethe inlet opening 67 in the block65. The outlet liil , nozzle 81 that is positioned adjacent the work holder so as to direct the abrasive onto the work, such as the lenses L, as will hereinafter be described. The abrasive substance, such as rouge and water, for example, is contained in the reservoir 83 which is provided with an agitator 84, driven by any suitable means, for keeping the rouge and water properly stirred so the rouge will not settle to the bottom of the reservoir. The rouge and water mixture is circulated through the supply pipe 79 by means of a suitable pump indicated at 85. Compressed air is supplied to the air line 74 by any suitable compressor.

In operation of my device, power is applied to the pulley 21 by means of a belt driven by any suitable source. The power is transmitted from the pulley 21 through the springs 38 and 38' to the cover plate 28 which is secured to the bushing 24 and thence to the spindle 14 which is fixedly secured to the bushing 24. The lenses L are preferably moistened before the block 19 is placed on the machine, after which the power is applied to pulley 21 and the air valve is opened.

As the shell 17 moves over the lenses L, the friction between the polishing pad, secured to shell 17, and the lenses gradually increases in amount. When the frictional reachesa substantially predetermined point, the cover plate 28 is caused to turn slightly relative to the pulley shell 21. By this relative movement the post 42 is cammed outwardly by the cam member 48 so that the trip lever 48'strikes the plate 59 and unseats the valve member 69 thereby permitting a blast of air to pass from the tubing 76 into the tubing 77. As the rouge and water mixture circulates through the supply pipe 79, some of the mixture fills in the T coupling 78 so that when a blast of air enters tubing 7 7 it forcibly blows the rouge mixture out of the T into the tubing 80 and out the nozzle 81 and onto the lenses L.

As soon as suficient rouge is applied to the lenses the friction between them and the shell 17 is reduced so that the pulley shell 21 and cover plate 28 return substantially to their normal position relative to each other, with the spring 45 tending to urge the post 42 into the deep notch of cam member 48. The polishing then continues with the friction gradually increasing as the rouge dries off until the predetermined point is reached, whereupon the cover plate 28 moves slightly relative drag to the pulley shell 21, the post 42 is cammed outwardly and the trip lever 43 strikes the plate '59 to trip theair valve and send another charge of rouge out of nozzle 81 and onto the lenses L. The operation thus repeats itself so that the lenses are automatically supplied withrouge at required operative intervals until the polishing is completed.

It is obvious that the tension of the springs 38 and 38 will determine the amount of frictional drag which'must be produced before the air valve 69 will be tripped to make an application of rouge. Hence, by adjusting the tension in springs 88 and 38, I am able to set a lixedtime in the polishing operation for the application of rouge. The tension of springs 38 and 38 may be adjusted by locating the pin 32 at various positions in the slot 31 and also by loosening set screws 36 and turning the members 34 and 34 which carry the eccentrically mounted pins 37 and 37 respectively.

The time for the application of rouge can also be adjusted by turning plate 59 on the threaded end of plunger 56 to vary the efiective length of the plunger. Thus if the ef: fective length of the plunger 56 is shortened, a greater amount of friction willbe necessary in order to cam the trip lever outwardly far enough to contact with plate 59 to trip the valve. If the effective length of plunger 56 is len thened, less friction will be required to trip the valve. Since the polishing shell operates most effectively when the rouge has become partially dry, it is important that the rouge be applied at the proper time in order to obtain the greatest efficiency. If the rouge is applied too soon the efiicacy of the polisher is diminished while if the rouge is not applied soon enough the lenses may beinj ured by excessive heat and friction.

The crank 15 and the trip lever '43 are so located with respect to each other that the polishing shell 17 is on the side of the block 19 that is remote from nozzle 81 when the trip lever 43 contacts with plate 59 so that the rouge is ejected from the nozzle 81 onto the uncovered lenses L and not on top of the polishing shell 17. When a blast of air passes through the tubing 77 and into the T coupling 7 8, the latter is thoroughly cleaned outkso that rouge will not accumulate and clog the coupling. The sharp blast of air passing through the T coupling produces a violent action in the side nipple of the T which serves to agitate the water and rouge mixture in of my automatic units.

the like may be automatically appliedto the abrading tool by my invention. v Y v From* the foregoing it will be apparent that I am able to attain the. objects of my inventionand' provide ameans for automaticallyapplying an abrasive to the abrading tool so as to obtain the greatest efficiency "of operation. In a practical application of my invention on a large scale, a plurality of units would be arranged side by side and each would be supplied with compressed air and the abrasive substance fromcommon air and abrasive pipelines. Since the abrasivev is applied to the abrading tool at the proper ing an abrading tool, a member fixedly secured to said spindle, a pulley connected by yieldable means to said member whereby the frictional contact between the workand said tool will cause a relative movement between saidpulley and said member, means-for applying an abradant to the work and means actuated by said movement for controlling said abradant supplying means. 1 v EDWARD M. MORRIS.

ti1ne,the work, such as lenses, are polishedv V in a minimum time. A single operator will also be able to attend to alarge-number It is obvious that various modifications maybe made without departing from the spirit of theinvention as pointed out inlthe' appended claims.

I claim:

r 1 In an abrading machine, the combination 7 of a rotatable spindle carrying an abrading tool,a plate fixedly secured tosaid spindle, I

apulley carried by the spindle, coil springs connectingifsaid pulley to said plate whereby said pulley may moverelative to said a plate, means tor adjusting the. tension of said springs,; a cam on said plate,a movable post on said pulley adapted to contact with said a cam whereby the post. is moved by the relative movement of said pulley and plate.

' f oo 2. In an abradingmachine,the combination of means for applying an abradant,

'valvejmeans for controlling said applying means,a rotatable. spindle carrying an abrading tool, a plateysecured tosaid spindle, a pulleyqyieldably connected withsaid plate sokthat the pulley and plate are relatively "movable, a trip lever carried by said pulley and. means whereby the relative movement between the plate and'pulley will move said 7 trip lever to operate said 'valve means.

,8.;In an abrading. machine, the combina-.

tion of fluidpressure means for applyingan abrada'nt, avalve for, controlling sald means, a rotatable sp ndle carrylng an abrading tool, ,a' plate secured to said spindle, a cam on said plate, a pulley connected to said plate by coilsprings whereby said plate and pulley may; be moved relative to each other, a movable post on said pulley adapted-to com tact with said ,cam,a trip lever on said post adapted to contact; with said valve when the post is'moved bytlie relative movement of said plate and pulley; 3 I

,4. An: abrading machine comprising a holder for the work, amovablespindle carrye 

